Green Spaces in Developing vs. Developed Countries: Lessons for Urban Studies Students from Nepal

Introduction 

For Urban Studies students like you in Nepal, understanding how green spaces are planned and advocated for in both developing and developed countries can provide critical insights into creating sustainable cities. While developed countries like Copenhagen and Singapore have set benchmarks with their green initiatives, developing countries face unique challenges such as rapid urbanization, limited resources, and infrastructure gaps. How can Nepal and similar nations learn from global examples while addressing local needs? Let’s explore.

 

Green Spaces in Developed Countries: A Model to Learn From 

In developed countries, green spaces are often integrated into urban planning as a standard practice. Cities like Copenhagen (Denmark) and Singapore prioritize parks, rooftop gardens, and urban forests to enhance livability and sustainability. According to a 2023 report by the European Environment Agency, developed countries allocate an average of 15 square meters of green space per resident, supported by robust funding, advanced technology, and strong governance. These cities also use data-driven approaches, like GIS mapping, to ensure equitable distribution of green areas.

 

Challenges in Developing Countries: The Nepal Perspective 

In contrast, developing countries like Nepal face different realities. Rapid urbanization, particularly in cities like Kathmandu, has led to overcrowding, pollution, and a scarcity of green spaces. A 2024 study by the South Asian Network for Development and Environmental Economics (SANDEE) found that Kathmandu has only about 2 square meters of green space per resident—far below the World Health Organization’s recommendation of 9 square meters. Factors such as land scarcity, budget constraints, and informal settlements make it harder to prioritize green areas. However, there are opportunities. Community-led initiatives, like the Bagmati River cleanup and small urban gardens in Nepal, show how local action can create change. Urban Studies students in Nepal can draw inspiration from these efforts while advocating for policy changes.

 

Comparative Analysis: What Can We Learn? 

-          Funding and Resources: Developed countries benefit from stable economies and international funding, while developing countries often rely on external aid or grassroots efforts. For example, Singapore’s government invested billions in its “Garden City” vision, whereas Nepal might partner with NGOs or use crowdfunding for green projects. 

-          Technology and Innovation: Developed countries use advanced tools like drones and smart city technologies to manage green spaces, while developing countries can start with low-cost solutions like vertical gardens or rewilding abandoned lots. 

-          Community Engagement: Both contexts highlight the importance of community involvement. In developed countries, public consultations shape green space policies, while in Nepal, community-driven projects like tree-planting drives in rural areas demonstrate resilience and innovation. 

 

Case Study: Kathmandu vs. Copenhagen 

Copenhagen’s Finger Plan ensures green wedges radiate from the city center, preserving natural areas for future generations. In contrast, Kathmandu struggles with encroachment on riverbanks and forest areas due to population growth. Yet, Nepal can adapt Copenhagen’s model by creating green corridors along rivers like the Bagmati, using local knowledge and sustainable practices.

 

Action Steps for Nepali Urban Studies Students 

As a student from Nepal, you can play a pivotal role in bridging this gap: 

-          Research Local Needs: Conduct surveys in your community to identify areas lacking green spaces and propose solutions. 

-          Advocate for Policy: Work with local governments and organizations to push for policies that protect existing green areas and create new ones. 

-          Learn from Developed Countries: Study how cities like Singapore use public-private partnerships and apply those lessons to Nepal’s context, adjusting for resource limitations. 

-          Share on Global Platforms: Use social media platforms like X to share Nepal’s challenges and successes, connecting with students and professionals worldwide.

 

Conclusion 

For Urban Studies students in Nepal and beyond, the comparison between developing and developed countries isn’t just academic—it’s a call to action. By learning from global leaders while addressing local challenges, you can help shape sustainable, green cities in your homeland. What strategies do you think would work in Nepal? Share your thoughts in the comments and subscribe for daily insights on urban development!